The Byzantine Period 324-638
The architectural state of Jerusalem at the end of the sixth century may be seen in the mosaic map found in Madeba, The city walls were extended to include Mount Zion in the south-west and many religious basilicas and shrines, like the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, were erected. In 638, Jerusalem surrendered without a struggle to the invading Moslem forces under the famous Caliph Omar.
